By Abdulkader Assad
Tripoli’s Turmoil: A Stark Reminder of Libya’s Fragile Stability
The recent violent clashes in Tripoli, sparked by the killing of Abdel Ghani al-Kikli, a prominent militia leader, have once again highlighted the precarious nature of Libya’s security landscape. Al-Kikli, known as “Gheniwa,” led the Stability Support Apparatus (SSA), a powerful militia controlling significant parts of the capital, including the Abu Salim district. His death on May 12, 2025, during a meeting at a facility operated by the 444th Brigade, ignited fierce battles between rival factions, resulting in at least six deaths and numerous injuries .
The ensuing power vacuum allowed forces aligned with Prime Minister Abdul Hamid Dbeibah, notably the 444 and 111 Brigades, to seize key territories previously under SSA control. While the government hailed this as a step towards consolidating authority, the reality on the ground tells a more complex story. The clashes disrupted daily life, with schools and universities suspending activities, and residents forced to shelter amid the violence .
These events underscore the enduring fragmentation of Libya’s security apparatus. Despite the formation of the Government of National Unity (GNU) in 2021, the country remains divided, with rival administrations and a plethora of militias vying for power.
The recent attempt by Dbeibah to dismantle irregular armed groups, including the SSA, reflects ongoing efforts to centralize control. However, such moves risk further entrenching divisions if not accompanied by inclusive political dialogue and genuine reconciliation efforts.
International actors have expressed concern over the renewed violence. The United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL) warned that the situation could “spiral out of control,” calling for an immediate ceasefire and the protection of civilians . Meanwhile, countries like Italy, with vested interests in Libya’s stability due to energy and migration considerations, are closely monitoring the developments.
The recent clashes serve as a stark reminder that Libya’s path to stability is fraught with challenges. Efforts to consolidate power must be balanced with initiatives that promote unity and address the root causes of division. Without a comprehensive approach that includes political reform, security sector restructuring, and economic development, the cycle of violence is likely to continue, undermining prospects for lasting peace in Libya.
Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the writer, and do not necessarily reflect those of the Libya Observer